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TANZANIA WILDLIFE GUIDE
Every Animal You'll See on Safari
Tanzania holds more wild country than almost anywhere else on earth. The Serengeti alone covers 14,750 square kilometres. Add the Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire, Lake Manyara, Ruaha, and the vast Nyerere ecosystem in the south, and you have a mosaic of grassland, acacia woodland, soda lake, swamp, and highland forest that between them hold over 430 mammal species and more than 1,100 species of bird. What makes a safari here different is the density. A single morning game drive in the Serengeti can put you alongside lion, cheetah, elephant, and a thousand wildebeest before breakfast. The Ngorongoro Crater compresses the Big Five into 260 square kilometres of volcanic floor. Ruaha, in the remote south, holds ten per cent of the world's remaining lions. The grid below is our working guide to the animals you're most likely to see, from the famous to the overlooked. Click any card to read its full profile, including habitat, behaviour, where in Tanzania you'll find it, and the best time of year to look.

Lion
Africa's only social cat hunts at dusk

Leopard
Solitary ambush hunter of the treetops

Cheetah
The fastest land animal on earth

Cape Buffalo
One ton of unpredictable herd muscle

Black Rhino
Critically endangered browser of the crater floor

Wildebeest
Two million drive the great migration forward

Giraffe
The tallest animal alive at six metres

Plains Zebra
Every stripe pattern is a unique fingerprint

Hippopotamus
Africa's most dangerous large mammal by fatalities

Nile Crocodile
Unchanged for 80 million years and still dominant

Spotted Hyena
Matriarchal clans that outperform lions on hunts

African Wild Dog
Painted wolves with an 80% hunt success rate

Olive Baboon
Troop politics as complex as any primate

Flamingo
Soda lake filter feeders that turn shorelines pink

Vervet Monkey
Three distinct alarm calls for three predator types

Maasai Giraffe
Tanzania's own subspecies down by half in decades

African Elephant
Matriarch-led herds communicating through the ground

Impala
The base of the food chain for everything

Black-backed Jackal
Lifelong pairs with cooperative pup rearing

Lesser Kudu
Shy spiral-horned browser of dense dry bush

Yellow-collared Lovebird
A small parrot endemic to Tanzania only

Fringe-eared Oryx
Dry country specialist that runs hotter than mammals

Bushbuck
Forest edge ghost that freezes rather than runs

Waterbuck
Never found far from water with built-in raincoat

African Fish Eagle
The iconic call of every African waterway

Malachite Sunbird
Metallic green jewel of the Ngorongoro highlands

Hartlaub's Turaco
True red pigment found nowhere else in nature

Silvery-cheeked Hornbill
Female seals herself inside the nest for months

Scarlet-tufted Malachite Sunbird
Sunbird built for sub-zero highland extremes

Augur Buzzard
Crater rim raptor riding thermals for rodents

Blue Monkey
Not blue at all but dark grey-olive troops

White-necked Raven
East Africa's largest corvid and sharpest problem solver

Four-striped Grass Mouse
Foundational prey species seen at every lodge

Black-and-white Colobus
Africa's only thumbless primate with a leaf stomach

Rock Hyrax
Elephant's closest living relative hiding on every kopje

Bat-eared Fox
Oversized ears that hear termites moving underground

Banded Mongoose
Snake-mobbing troops that raise every pup together

African Porcupine
Africa's largest rodent armed with half-metre quills

Honey Badger
Pound for pound the most fearless mammal alive

Dwarf Mongoose
Africa's smallest carnivore living in termite mound colonies

Serval
The cat that leaps two metres to snatch birds

Caracal
Tufted desert cat built for explosive vertical ambush

Striped Hyena
Rarer nocturnal cousin most safari guests never see

Thomsons Gazelle
Serengeti's most abundant antelope and cheetah's preferred prey

Grant's Gazelle
Larger dry-country cousin that never needs to drink

Topi
Sentry on every termite mound scanning the plains

Coke's Hartebeest
Long-faced kongoni grazer of Tanzania's open grasslands

Eland
Africa's largest antelope at nearly one ton

Warthog
Kneels to feed then sprints away tail straight up

Common Duiker
Tiny forest antelope that dives into cover instantly

Lilac-breasted Roller
Tanzania's most photographed bird in fourteen colours

Secretary Bird
Snake-stamping raptor that hunts entirely on foot

Kori Bustard
Heaviest flying bird in Africa at 18 kilograms

Grey Crowned Crane
Golden-crowned pairs bonded for life in wetlands

Saddle-billed Stork
Africa's tallest stork with a red and yellow bill

Ostrich
Fastest two legs in the bush at 70 km/h

Marabou Stork
The undertaker with a five-foot carrion-cleaning wingspan

Superb Starling
Iridescent blue-green resident of every safari camp

Nile Monitor
Africa's largest lizard reaching two metres long

African Rock Python
Largest snake in Africa constricting prey to six metres

Leopard Tortoise
East Africa's largest tortoise living past 80 years

Flap-necked Chameleon
Colour-shifting lizard and the most common safari chameleon

Aardvark
Nocturnal termite vacuum and one of Africa's rarest sightings

Ground Pangolin
World's most trafficked mammal and rarest safari sighting

Aardwolf
Solitary termite-eating hyena relative active after dark