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TANZANIA WILDLIFE GUIDE

Every Animal You'll See on Safari

Tanzania holds more wild country than almost anywhere else on earth. The Serengeti alone covers 14,750 square kilometres. Add the Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire, Lake Manyara, Ruaha, and the vast Nyerere ecosystem in the south, and you have a mosaic of grassland, acacia woodland, soda lake, swamp, and highland forest that between them hold over 430 mammal species and more than 1,100 species of bird. What makes a safari here different is the density. A single morning game drive in the Serengeti can put you alongside lion, cheetah, elephant, and a thousand wildebeest before breakfast. The Ngorongoro Crater compresses the Big Five into 260 square kilometres of volcanic floor. Ruaha, in the remote south, holds ten per cent of the world's remaining lions. The grid below is our working guide to the animals you're most likely to see, from the famous to the overlooked. Click any card to read its full profile, including habitat, behaviour, where in Tanzania you'll find it, and the best time of year to look.

Big Five

Lion

Africa's only social cat hunts at dusk

StatusVulnerable
Best SeasonJune to October
Big Five

Leopard

Solitary ambush hunter of the treetops

StatusVulnerable
Best SeasonJune to October
Predator

Cheetah

The fastest land animal on earth

StatusVulnerable
Best SeasonJanuary to March
Big Five

Cape Buffalo

One ton of unpredictable herd muscle

StatusNear Threatened
Best SeasonJune to October
Big Five

Black Rhino

Critically endangered browser of the crater floor

StatusCritically Endangered
Best SeasonJune to October
Herbivore

Wildebeest

Two million drive the great migration forward

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round in the Serengeti ecosystem
Herbivore

Giraffe

The tallest animal alive at six metres

StatusVulnerable
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Plains Zebra

Every stripe pattern is a unique fingerprint

StatusNear Threatened
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Hippopotamus

Africa's most dangerous large mammal by fatalities

StatusVulnerable
Best SeasonAugust to October
Predator

Nile Crocodile

Unchanged for 80 million years and still dominant

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonAugust to October
Predator

Spotted Hyena

Matriarchal clans that outperform lions on hunts

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Predator

African Wild Dog

Painted wolves with an 80% hunt success rate

StatusEndangered
Best SeasonJune to October
Primate

Olive Baboon

Troop politics as complex as any primate

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Flamingo

Soda lake filter feeders that turn shorelines pink

StatusNear Threatened
Best SeasonYear round
Primate

Vervet Monkey

Three distinct alarm calls for three predator types

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Maasai Giraffe

Tanzania's own subspecies down by half in decades

StatusEndangered
Best SeasonYear round
Big Five

African Elephant

Matriarch-led herds communicating through the ground

StatusEndangered
Best SeasonJune to October
Herbivore

Impala

The base of the food chain for everything

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Predator

Black-backed Jackal

Lifelong pairs with cooperative pup rearing

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Lesser Kudu

Shy spiral-horned browser of dense dry bush

StatusNear Threatened
Best SeasonJune to October
Bird

Yellow-collared Lovebird

A small parrot endemic to Tanzania only

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Fringe-eared Oryx

Dry country specialist that runs hotter than mammals

StatusNear Threatened
Best SeasonJune to October
Herbivore

Bushbuck

Forest edge ghost that freezes rather than runs

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Herbivore

Waterbuck

Never found far from water with built-in raincoat

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

African Fish Eagle

The iconic call of every African waterway

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Malachite Sunbird

Metallic green jewel of the Ngorongoro highlands

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Hartlaub's Turaco

True red pigment found nowhere else in nature

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Silvery-cheeked Hornbill

Female seals herself inside the nest for months

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Scarlet-tufted Malachite Sunbird

Sunbird built for sub-zero highland extremes

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

Augur Buzzard

Crater rim raptor riding thermals for rodents

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Primate

Blue Monkey

Not blue at all but dark grey-olive troops

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Bird

White-necked Raven

East Africa's largest corvid and sharpest problem solver

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Small Mammal

Four-striped Grass Mouse

Foundational prey species seen at every lodge

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round
Primate

Black-and-white Colobus

Africa's only thumbless primate with a leaf stomach

StatusLeast Concern
Best SeasonYear round